Which description best defines formative feedback?

• A. Feedback that is used only for annual reviews
• B. Feedback focused on current performance that facilitates improvement and is generally low stakes
• C. Feedback that pertains to long-term career goals
• D. Feedback that rates past performance without guidance

Answer: (B)

Formative feedback is feedback given during the learning or performance process to help someone improve before final judgments are made. It focuses on what you’re doing right now and provides actionable guidance to close gaps, with low stakes so you feel free to adjust and try again. This kind of feedback aims to support growth and skill development by offering specific tips, examples, and next steps rather than judging the final outcome.

The description that matches this best emphasizes improving current performance with practical, actionable guidance and a low-stakes environment. The other descriptions mix in high-stakes evaluations (annual reviews), emphasize long-term goals beyond the immediate performance, or simply rate past performance without offering steps to improve.